INFLUENCE OF PH ON THE GROWTH OF PHOSPHATE SOLUBILIZING FUNGI ISOLATED FROM SOILS
INFLUENCE OF PH ON THE GROWTH OF PHOSPHATE SOLUBILIZING
FUNGI ISOLATED FROM SOILS
Mohammad Kabirul Islama, Md. Sagirul Islam Majumdera*, Muhammad Iqbal Hossainb, Md. Shahin Hossina, and Md. Rafiq Uddina
a Department of Soil Science, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki-8602,
Patuakhali, Bangladesh;
b Department of Plant Pathology, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki-8602,
Patuakhali, Bangladesh;
*Corresponding author: Md. Sagirul Islam Majumder, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali-8602, Bangladesh.
Email: sagir_mjd@yahoo.com
| A R T I C L E I N F O
Article Type: Research Received: 27 Aug. 2025. Accepted: 05 Sep. 2025. Published: 20 Sep. 2025.
|
A B S T R A C T
The pH profoundly influences phosphate-solubilizing fungi (PSF) by affecting their growth and survival, as each species has an optimal pH range for activity and survival. The influence of pH on the growth and survival of phosphate-solubilizing fungi were investigated. The three representative fungal strains were cultured for seven days with the initial pH in the medium ranging from 1.5 to 8.5. We estimated the fungal growth by measuring the dry matter of mycelial biomass. The growth-based measurements revealed that all the tested fungal strains were capable of growing and surviving in a wide range of pH (2.5-8.5). Among them, SI-10URAgr (A. niger) enhanced the highest acidity in all tested pH values, followed by P. oxalicum (SI-16URAgr) and SI-14URAgr. Fungal growth primarily depends on the pH. SI-10URAgr showed the highest growth (0.28g) at pH 3.5. Besides this, SI-14URAgr and SI-16URAgr showed the maximum growth (0.43g and 0.20g) when the initial pH value was 5.5 and 7.5, respectively. These findings suggested that A. niger have the strongest adaptability to acidic environment followed by P. oxalicum. Although these fungal strains could grow and survive in higher pH also. It may give an extra advantage to utilize these strains in any pH condition in the soil. |
| KEYWORDS:
Soil pH, Phosphate-solubilizing fungi, Fungal growth, Acidic environment. |
REFERENCES
- Aciego-Pietri, J. C., & Brookes, P. C. (2008). Nitrogen mineralisation along a pH gradient of a silty loam UK soil. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 40(3), 797–802.
- Andersson, S., Nilsson, I., & Saetre, P. (2000). Leaching of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) in moor humus as affected by temperature and pH. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 32(1), 1–10.
- Arao, T. (1999). In situ detection of changes in soil bacterial and fungal activities by measuring 13C incorporation into soil phospholipid fatty acids from 13C acetate. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 31(7), 1015–1020.
- Bååth, E., & Anderson, T. H. (2003). Comparison of soil fungal/bacterial ratios in a pH gradient using physiological and PLFA-based techniques. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 35(7), 955–963.
- Bardgett, R. D., Jones, A. C. D., Jones, L., Kemmitt, S. J., Cook, R., & Hobbs, P. (2001). Soil microbial community patterns related to the history and intensity of grazing in sub-montane ecosystems. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 33(12–13), 1653–1664.
- Blagodatskaya, E. V., & Anderson, T. H. (1998). Interactive effects of pH and substrate quality on the fungal-to-bacterial ratio and qCO2 of microbial communities in forest soils. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 30(10–11), 1269–1274.
- De Ruiter, P. C., van Veen, J. A., Moore, J. C., Brussaard, L., & Hunt, H. W. (1993). Calculation of nitrogen mineralization in soil food webs. Plant and Soil, 157(2), 263–273.
- De Vries, F. T., Hoffland, E., van Eekeren, N., Brussaard, L., & Bloem, J. (2006). Fungal/bacterial ratios in grasslands with contrasting nitrogen management. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 38(8), 2092–2103.
- Fierer, N., & Jackson, R. B. (2006). The diversity and biogeography of soil bacterial communities. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 103(3), 626–631.
- Firestone, M. K., Killham, K., & McColl, J. G. (1983). Fungal toxicity of mobilized soil aluminum and manganese. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 46(3), 758–761.
- Flis, S. E., Glenn, A. R., & Dilworth, M. J. (1993). The interaction between aluminium and root nodule bacteria. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 25(3), 403–417.
- Islam, M. K., Sano, A., Majumder, M. S. I., Hossain, M. A., & Sakagami, J.-I. (2019). Isolation and molecular characterization of phosphate solubilizing filamentous fungi from subtropical soils in Okinawa. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, 17(4), 9145–9157.
- Kemmitt, S. J., Wright, D., Goulding, K. W. T., & Jones, D. L. (2006). pH regulation of carbon and nitrogen dynamics in two agricultural soils. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 38(5), 898–911.
- Pietikäinen, J., Pettersson, M., & Bååth, E. (2005). Comparison of temperature effects on soil respiration and bacterial and fungal growth rates. FEMS Microbiology Ecology, 52(1), 49–58.
- Rajapaksha, R. M. C. P., Tobor-Kapłon, M. A., & Bååth, E. (2004). Metal toxicity affects fungal and bacterial activities in soil differently. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 70(5), 2966–2973.
- Rousk, J., & Bååth, E. (2007). Fungal and bacterial growth in soil with plant materials of different C/N ratios. FEMS Microbiology Ecology, 62(2), 258–267.
- Singh, H., & Reddy, S. M. (2011). Effect of inoculation with phosphate solubilizing fungus on growth and nutrient uptake of wheat and maize plants fertilized with rock phosphate in alkaline soils. European Journal of Soil Biology, 47(1), 30–34.
- Singh, M. S., Yadav, L. S., Singh, S. K., Singh, P., Singh, P. N., & Ravindra. (2011). Phosphate solubilizing ability of two Arctic Aspergillus niger strains. Polar Research, 30(1), 72–83.
- Van Groenigen, K. J., Six, J., Harris, D., & Van Kessel, C. (2007). Elevated CO2 does not favor a fungal decomposition pathway. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 39(9), 2168–2172.
- Zhen, L., Tongshuo, B., Letian, D., Fuwei, W., Jinjin, T., Shiting, M., Yunxiao, H., Shimei, W., & Shuijin, H. (2016). A study of organic acid production in contrasts between two phosphate solubilizing fungi: Penicillium oxalicum and Aspergillus niger. Scientific Reports, 6, Article 2.