Article 4: A REVIEW OF THE CHALLENGES AFFECTING THE SUCCESS OF SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES (SME) OF WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS IN TANZANIA (Vol. 1, Iss. 2, pp. 95-104)
A REVIEW OF THE CHALLENGES AFFECTING THE SUCCESS OF SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES (SME) OF WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS IN TANZANIA
Jesca Mhoja Nkwabi,
Student, University of The West of Scotland, School of Business and Creative Industries, Department of Business and Enterprise, London, United Kingdom, SE1 6NP
Jenifer Mhoja Nkwabi
DBA Student University of Wales, Trinity Saint David Department Of Business And Management. London United Kingdom, SW9 6EJ)
Joyce Mhoja Nkwabi
DBA Student, Northumbria University, Department Of Business. Newcastle United Kingdom, NE1 8ST
*Corresponding author E-mail: jesyoncy77@gmail.com
A R T I C L E I N F O
Article Type: Research Received: 18, Nov. 2019. Accepted: 11, Jan. 2020. Published: 13, Jan. 2020.
|
A B S T R A C T
The purpose of this research was to review the challenges affecting women entrepreneurs. In spite of the growth of entrepreneurial activities in Tanzania, researchers in this area have failed to adequately document the issues that women entrepreneurs face. Most researchers have focused only on the socio-cultural challenges such as women’s immobility, poor support from society, ethnicity, a lack of support from their family, a low level of education and discrimination when it comes to accessing finances. 12 items of literature from developing countries written recently within the last five years (2014) were reviewed to find out the challenges that affect women entrepreneurs. The findings of this research indicate that women entrepreneurs not only face socio-cultural challenges, but they are also impacted by other factors such as low business knowledge, financial constraints, a lack of support from the government, low business training and a lack of raw materials. In light of these findings, future researchers in Tanzania should aim to look at the factors that go beyond the sociocultural challenges to provide recommendations that will enable women entrepreneurs to sustain their business in the market.
|
Keywords:
Women, entrepreneurs, challenges, Tanzania, developing nations, SMEs. |
REFERENCES
Ahmad, A. and Muhaini, I. (2018). Influencing Factors of Internet Usage among Women Entrepreneurs. Archives of Business Research, 6(5),260-268.
Akhter, F. (2017). Unlocking digital entrepreneurship through technical business process. The International Journal Entrepreneurship And Sustainability Issues, 5(1), 36-42.
Bacigalupo, M., Kampylis, P., Punie, Y. and Brande, G. (2016). EntreComp. Luxembourg: Publications Office.
Bosma, N., Schhtt, T., Terjesen, S. & Kew, P. (2016). Global Entrepreneurship Monitor 2015 to 2016: Special Topic Report on Social Entrepreneurship. SSRN Electronic Journal. Retrieved from https://ssrn.com/abstract=2786949.
Brixiová, Z. & Kangoye, T. (2016). Gender and constraints to entrepreneurship in Africa: New evidence from Swaziland. Journal of Business Venturing Insights, 5(c),1-8.
Brixiova, Z. & Kangoye, T. (2019). Networks, Start-Up Capital and Women’s Entrepreneurial Performance in Africa: Evidence from Eswatin.Retrived from https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3390185.
Chinomona, E. &Maziriri, E. (2015). Women In Action: Challenges Facing Women Entrepreneurs In The Gauteng Province Of South Africa. International Business & Economics Research Journal (IBER), 14(6), 835-850.
Davidsson P. (2016) What Is Entrepreneurship? In: Researching Entrepreneurship. International Studies in Entrepreneurship, 33. Springer, Cham. Retrieved from https://www.springer.com/gp/book/9780387257013.
Dissanayake, K. (2016). Institutional Forces and Life Cycle Stages of Women-led SMEs in Developing Economies. Journal of Business Studies, 3(2), 40-55.
Gemski, S. (2019). Empowering Female Entrepreneurs in Tanzania. Retrieved from https://medium.com/@sgemski/empowering-female-entrepreneurs-in-tanzania-93515f5d680e.
Guy, N. & Honorat, E. (2016). Socioeconomic Dynamics Analysis of Women Entrepreneurship: Case of Shea Nuts Processors in North Benin. International Journal of Research in Agricultural Sciences, 3(1), pp.9-13.
Hasan, F. & Almubarak, M. (2016). Factors influencing women entrepreneurs’ performance in SMEs. World Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Sustainable Development, 12(2), 82-101.
Hasan, F. & Almubarak, M. (2016). Factors influencing women entrepreneurs’ performance in SMEs. World Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Sustainable Development, 12(2), pp.82-101. in Tanzania. Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development, 5(21), 51-62.
Jabeen, F., Faisal, M., Al Matroushi, H., & Farouk, S. (2019). Determinants of innovation decisions among Emirati female-owned small and medium enterprises. International Journal Of Gender And Entrepreneurship, 11(4), 408-434. doi: 10.1108/ijge-02-2019-0033
Jose, S. (2018). Strategic use of digital promotion strategies among female emigrant entrepreneurs in UAE. International Journal Of Emerging Markets, 13(6), 1699-1718. doi: 10.1108/ijoem-10-2016-0268.
Kapinga, A. & Montero, C. (2017). Exploring the socio-cultural challenges of food processing women entrepreneurs in Iringa, Tanzania and strategies used to tackle them. Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Research, 7(17),1-24.
Mashenene, R. & Rumanyika, J. (2014). Business Constraints and Potential Growth of Small and Medium Enterprises in Tanzania: A Review. European Journal of Business and Management, 6(32),72-79.
Mashenene, R., Macha, J. & Donge, L. (2014). Socio-Cultural Determinants of Entrepreneurial Capabilities among the Chagga and Sukuma Small and Medium Enterprises in Tanzania. Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development, 5(17), 90-104.
Maziku, P., Majenga, A. & Mashenene, G. (2014). The Effects of Socio-Cultural Factors on the Performance of Women Small and Medium Enterprises in Tanzania. Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development, 5(21), 51-62.
Muhammad, N., Warren, L. & Binte-Saleem, S. (2017). Anything Can Happen, Anytime: The Impact Of Conflict On Women’s Entrepreneurship In Pakistan. Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship, 22(04), 1750025.
Nkwabi, J. (2019). Supply chain management constraints in Tanzanian small and medium enterprises. African Journal of Business management, 13(16), 564-570.
Norze, J., Carter, C., Twijukye, R. Burnett, M. (2019). The Influence of Selected Characteristics on the Perceived Effectiveness of an Entrepreneurship Training Program among Female Participants. Journal of Business Diversity, 19(1),32-41.
Orser, B., Riding, A. & Li, Y. (2019), “Technology adoption and gender-inclusive entrepreneurship education and training”, International Journal of Gender and Entrepreneurship, 11 (3), 273-298
Panda, S. (2018). Constraints faced by women entrepreneurs in developing countries: review and ranking. Gender In Management, 33(4), 315-331. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1108/GM-01-2017-0003.
Prabha, D. & Kumari, T. (2018). Morbidity Profile among Women Beedi Workers in the Urban Slum of Kurnool Town, Andhra Pradesh. Journal of Medical Science And clinical Research, 6(1), 32052-32056.
Ranganie, M.& Sagarage, K. (2018). The contribution of female entrepreneurs to socio-economic development: Study of the role of female Entrepreneurs in social and economic development in Badalkumbura Division in Monaragala District, Sri Lanka. Masters. University of Agder.Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2565637.
Shmailan, A. (2016). Compare the Characteristics of Male and Female Entrepreneurs as Explorative Study. Journal Of Entrepreneurship & Organization Management, 5(4), 1-7.
Siahaan, S., & Ayustia, R. (2019). Characteristics of Women Entrepreneurs (Study of Vegetable Traders in Bengkayang District, West Kalimantan Province – Indonesia). Journal Of Economics, Business And Management, 7(2), 70-76.
Simion, J. (2018). Factors Affecting The Growth Of Women-Owned Micro Enterprises In Kenya: A Case Of The Nubian Women In Nyanchwa, Kisii County, Kenya. Masters. Kenyatta University.
Sultanpur, M. (2019). Challenges of women entrepreneurship. The research journal of social sciences, 10(6), 658-672.
Venkataraman, S. (2019). Chapter 1 The Distinctive Domain of Entrepreneurship Research. Advances In Entrepreneurship, Firm Emergence And Growth, 21, 5-20. doi: 10.1108/s1074-754020190000021009.
Walter, S. and Heinrichs, S. (2015). Who becomes an entrepreneur? A 30-years-review of individual-level research. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 22(2), 225-248.
Welsh, D., Memili, E. & Kaciak, E. (2016). An empirical analysis of the impact of family moral support on Turkish women entrepreneurs. Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, 1(1), 3-12.
Welter, F., Baker, T., Audretsch, D. & Gartner, W. (2016). Everyday Entrepreneurship—A Call for Entrepreneurship Research to Embrace Entrepreneurial Diversity. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 41(3), 311-321.
Yenilmez, M. (2018). An Inquiry Into Improving Women Participation In Entrepreneurship In Turkey. International Journal Of Entrepreneurship, 22(3), 1-15.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.